县域城镇化能缩小城乡收入差距吗?——基于1523个县(市)面板数据的实证检验

Can Urbanization of County Narrow Gap of Urban-Rural Income?——Empirical Test Based on Panel Data of 1 523 Counties(Cities)

在建立县域城镇化与城乡收入差距的内生联立方程模型的基础上,利用我国1 523个县(市)2005-2010年的大样本面板数据,运用2SLS和3SLS方法对两者关系进行了实证检验。研究发现:县域城镇化的推进能显著缩小城乡收入差距,而缩小城乡收入差距反过来也有利于提高城镇化水平,两者呈现出良性互动关系;提高县域经济、金融发展水平以及第三产业比重是兼顾缩小城乡收入差距与提高县域城镇化水平的有效路径。提出调整产业结构、吸纳农民本地非农就业、发挥县域中心城镇的扩散效应以及加大对农村地区的金融支持力度,将有助于兼顾城镇化的推进与城乡收入差距的缩小。

Based on Simultaneous Equation Model of county urbanization and urban-rural income gap,this paper uses the panel data of 1 523 Counties （Cities） from 2005 to 2010 as well as methods of 2SLS and 3SLS so as to empirically test the relationships between these two variables. The result shows that there is a positive interaction between them. Additionally,improving the development of the econo- my and finance of counties areas and the proportion of tertiary industry are the effective ways to narrow the gap of urban-rural income and enhance the level of county urbanization. Therefore,this paper propo- ses some suggestions on how to push forward the urbanization and narrow the urban-rural income gap, such as readjusting the industrial structure, improving the local non-farm employment of farmers, utili- zing the diffusion effect of central towns in counties areas and increasing the financial support for rural areas.