中国索隐派与西方易学研究的兴起

THE CHINESE FIGURISTS AND THE RISING OF YI-OLOGY IN THE WEST

索隐思想是一种神学阐释方法,认为世界各民族都本源于基督教,后来的人类历史也都在《旧约》中有所预示。利玛窦在华建立了"适应"的传教策略,希望在原始儒家文献中找到基督教的痕迹。利玛窦重视儒家经典,尤其是《四书》,其"适应"策略可视为中国索隐派之先声。中国索隐派由白晋建立,傅圣泽、马若瑟、郭中传等人是核心人物,他们把研究的重点放在《易经》上,希望从中解释中国古代的上帝信息。因为礼仪之争,耶稣会在华传教在清中期中断,到晚清才由新教重续其业。晚清来华新教传教士理雅各以译介中国经典而著名,他对于《易经》以及其他中国古代典籍的一个重要观点是,这些书籍中的"上帝",即是基督教的God。理雅各的思想可视为中国索隐派之后继者。易学研究在西方的兴起,与这些来华的传教士,特别是中国索隐派有密切之关系。

Figurism is a method of theological hermeneutics.The Figurists believe that all nations all over the world originated from the Christianity,and the Old Testament forebodes the history of world.Matteo Ricci,as the most famous Jesuit missionary,built the accommodation strategy in China.Ricci paid attention to Confucian classics,especially to SI Shu（The Four Books）.He was the pioneer of the Chinese Figurists.The real founder of the Chinese Figurism is Joachim Bouvet,a French Jesuit missionary.Other Chinese Figurists included Jean Francoise Foucquet,Joseph de Prémare and Jean Alexis de Gollet,etc.They regarded the I Ching（The Book of Changes） as the most important Chinese classic,and they believed that they can find the God＇s message in I Ching.James Legge was the important protestant missionary in the late Qing Dynasty,who was well known as the translator of Chinese classics,he believed that the word ＇Shangdi＇（上帝） in I Ching and other Chinese Classics is the ＇God＇ in Christianity.The rising of Yi-ology in west was close related with the Chinese Figurists.