低胆固醇与心血管危险因素相关性研究

Correlation between low cholesterol and cardiovascular risk factors

目的探讨低胆固醇者与血脂代谢水平、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、血糖、血尿酸、尿素氮、肌酐水平,体重及体质指数、脂肪肝发生率,心电图改变的关系。方法随机收集海南医学院附属医院体检者中低胆固醇者206例,以及胆固醇正常者100例,抽血检测其血脂代谢水平甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)以及ALT、AST、血糖、血尿酸、尿素氮、肌酐水平和B超检出脂肪肝水平,心电图检查,同时测量血压、体重及体质指数。采用Excel 2003统计软件进行统计学分析,计量资料符合正态分布者数据用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,构成比用χ2检验,以P<0.05为有差异有统计学意义。结果和胆固醇正常者相比,低胆固醇者的TG、TC、ALT、AST、血糖、血尿酸、肌酐、尿素氮水平及脂肪肝患病率、体重及体质指数、血压低于胆固醇正常者,其中,两组间ALT、AST比较,u=2.049、2.555,P均<0.05,两组间体重及体质指数、血压、TG、TC、血糖、血尿酸、肌酐、尿素氮水平、脂肪肝患病率比较,χ2/u=6.66、7.562、5.634、4.798、6、22.885、4.724、2.584、3.043、2.819、44.156,P均<0.01,差异有统计学意义。低胆固醇者HDL、心电图异常率高于胆固醇正常者,两组间HDL比较,u=5,P<0.01,心电图异常率比较,χ2=4.71,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论低胆固醇者的脂肪肝患病率、体重及体质指数、TG、TC、ALT、AST、血糖、血尿酸、尿素氮、肌酐水平、血压明显低于胆固醇正常者,而HDL和心电图异常率明显高于胆固醇正常者。

OBjective To study the correlation hetween low cholesterol and cardiovascular risk factors. Meth- ods A total of 206 individuals with low level of cholesterol and 100 healthy controls with normal cholesterol were enrolled into the study. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum level of TG, TC, LDL, HDL, ALT, AST, fasting glucose, uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine. Weight and body mass index, blood pressure, fatty liver and ECG were also determined and evaluated. Continuous data was expressed as meanq-standard deviation （x±s） and analyzed using student＇s t-test, descriptive data was analyzed using chi square test. Results Serum level of TG, TC, fasting glucose, uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine, as well as weight and body mass index, incidence of fatty liver and blood pressure in subjects with low cholesterol were all lower than those in controls, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. However, the serum level of HDL and abnormality rate of ECG in individuals with low cholesterol were significantly higher compared to controls （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01, respectively）. Conclusions Individuals with low cholesterol level have substantially lower level of TG, TC, ALT, AST, fasting glucose, uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine, their weight and body mass index and incidence of fatty liver are also lower, but they have higher level of HDL and are more likely to have abnormal ECG.