民俗艺术传承的结构与层次

Structure and Levels of Folk Art Inheritance

民俗艺术以传承为其存在、延续和发展的前提。传承既包括随纵向的时间线索的不断传习,也包括在一定横向空间范围内的接受与传播。就对象与领域而言,它涉及作品、题材、主题、风格、技艺、语言、色调、工具、方法、场域、审美、信仰等诸多方面,并主要表现在人与人之间的相承相接和相沿相习。民俗艺术的传承主要有赖于传承人的推动,其基本结构,包括主体、客体和中介三个基本部分,而民俗艺术的传承层次则包括"基本层次"和"特殊层次"两个方面。它们的互动在一定程度上反映了民俗艺术传承的规律和当今文化建设的力度。

Folk art exists and develops in inheritance. Viewed from object and field, it involves works, theme, style, technique, language, tone, tool, method, place, aesthetics, and belief. The inheritance of folk art mainly relies up- on inheritors＇promotion including subject, object, and media. And there are fundamental level and particular level. To some extent, their interaction reflects the inheritance law of folk art and dynamics of contemporary cultural con- struction.