2011年甘肃地区急性呼吸道感染儿童患者中鼻病毒感染规律的研究

Characterization of Human Rhinovirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Infections in Gansu Province during 2011

探讨人鼻病毒(Human rhinovirus,HRV)在甘肃地区急性呼吸道感染儿童患者中的流行特征。2011年1月至12月,从甘肃地区急性呼吸道感染儿童患者中采集咽拭子标本286份,用多重PCR方法对常见呼吸道病毒性病原体进行筛查。多重PCR结果中HRV阳性的标本再用nested-PCR分别扩增HRV的VP1和VP4/VP2结合区基因片段,阳性结果进行序列测定和基因分析。286份咽拭子标本中,27份标本多重PCR检测结果显示为HRV阳性,检出率为9.44%。本研究中,HRV感染病例的平均年龄为3岁,其中,1岁以内儿童感染比例最高,占总阳性数的44.4%(12/27);在27例HRV阳性病例中,男性占16例(16/185,8.64%),女性占11例(11/101,10.89%),两者无显著性差异;HRV感染的高峰出现在5月份(6/27,22.2%);从HRV感染的疾病构成看,普通感冒的比例最高,占12.24%(12/98);其次为肺炎,占8.50%(13/153);剩余2病例均为支气管炎。基因序列特征分析发现:A组HRV是甘肃地区2011年的优势流行基因型,占阳性病例的84.62%(22/26),其次为C组HRV,占11.54%(3/26),B组HRV仅发现1例。HRV感染在2011年甘肃地区全年均可发生,主要感染以1岁以内儿童。A组HRV是该地区2011年急性呼吸道感染儿童患者中的主要流行基因型,并存在多个基因型和多个HRV血清型共同流行的特点。

To study the epidemic characteristics of human rhinovirus （HRV） in children with acute respira- tory infections in Gansu Province. 286 throat swabs were collected from children with acute respiratory in- fections in Gansu Province during 2011. Multiplex reverse transcription-PCR （multiplex RT-PCR） assay was used to screen those specimens for detection of common respiratory tract pathogens. For HRV-posi- tive samples, nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （nested RT-PCR） was performed to amplify VP1 and VP4/VP2 gene fragments of HRV. The VP4/VP2 and VP1 regions of HRV-positive samples were sequenced and performed genotype analysis. Of 286 specimens fested, 27 were positive for HRV by multiplex RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR, of which 16 children were made（16/185）, 8.64%） and 11 female （11/101,10.89G）. The positive rate was 9. 44% （27/286）. The mean age of HRV-positive children was 3 years in this study, children less than one year old had the highest proportion 44.4%（12/ 27,44.4%）. The highest HRV positive rate fell on May, 2011 （6/27,22.2%）. Common cold accounted for the highest proportion, 12.24%（12/98） followed by pneumonia, 8.50%（13/153）. The remaining 2 cases were bronchitis. Sequence analysis showed HRV A was the predominant genotype in Gansu Province in 2011, accounting for 84. 62%（22/26） of positive cases, followed by HRV C（11.54%, 3/26） and only one HRVBwas detected （3.85G, 1/26）. HRVcould be detected throughout the year in Gansu Province and primarily infected children under one year old. The group A was the epidemic genotype of HRV and move than one genotype existed in Gansu Province during 2011.