致病梭菌感染的实验室诊断方法的研究进展

Progress on laboratory diagnostic methods of pathogenic Clostridium spp. infection

致病梭菌指一类可使人或动物致病的梭状芽孢杆菌,主要包括肉毒梭菌、艰难梭菌、产气荚膜梭菌和破伤风梭菌。致病梭菌感染往往病情严重,病死率高,是重要的一类人兽共患病。鉴定致病梭菌感染的传统方法一般检测周期长,对操作人员的技术要求也高,因此,在常规检测中的应用越来越少。免疫学和分子生物学方法因其快速灵敏的特点而被广泛应用。本文将近年国内外致病梭菌的实验室诊断相关研究综述如下,以期能够为致病梭菌临床诊断及流行病调查研究提供参考。

Pathogenic Clostridium spp. are some species of Clostridium prazmowski which can cause infectious disea- ses in animal and human being, mainly including C. botulinum, C. difficile, C. perfringens, and C. tetani. The diseases caused by Clostridium spp. are important zoonoses with serious symptoms and high mortality usually. The conventional meth- ods for detecting and identifying the bacteria are time-consuming and need the operating personnel of high technical require- ments. In recent years, lots of immunoassays and molecular biotechnology methods have been developed and widely used for the detection of Clostridium infections because of the short turnaround time and their high sensitivity. In this paper, the recent re- searches on laboratory diagnosis methods of pathogenic Clostridium spp. are reviewed, providing the reference of clinical diag- nosis and epidemiological investigation on Clostridium infections.