低碳环境下综合能源系统投资建设模式

The Investment and Construction Modes of Integrated Energy Systems in Low Carbon Economy

能源的综合有效利用是我国实现社会低碳经济和绿色发展的重要手段。结合综合能源系统的特点,提出了综合能源系统投资建设模式的设计原则,分析了其投资建设主体,并提出了四种适应我国现有国情下的投资建设模式,包括BOT/BOO模式、租赁模式、企业投资建设PFI模式和用户投资建设PFI模式,分析了四种投资模式的特征、风险、优势和不足。同时,探讨了各种投资建设模式经济性比较的思路,分析了相关经济参数的选取,最后通过实际案例定量比较了各种投资建设模式的经济性,并提出了综合能源系统当前建设的实现路径。结果表明,以企业为主导的综合能源系统的投资建设模式其经济性要优于以政府和用户为主导的模式,主要在于企业拥有更加丰富的投资建设管理经验以及更低的运营成本。但是经济性最优并非是唯一的标准,在不同时期应根据政策、环境和技术的变化而采用相应的投资建设模式。

Effectively use of energy is an important method to realize low carbon economy and green development in our country. In this paper, based on the characteristics of integrated energy systems, we present the design rules of its investment and construction modes, analyze the stakeholders, and propose four investment and construction modes that are appropriate for the current situation of our country, including BOT/BOO mode, leasing mode, enterprise PFI mode and client PFI mode. We also present the characteristics, risks, advantages and disadvantages of these four modes. Moreover, we discuss the method to compare the four modes and analyze the choice of economical parameters. Finally, we compare the economy of different modes quantitatively and propose the road for constructing integrated energy systems through case study. Our results show that the economy of the modes leading by enterprises is better than that of the modes leading by government and customers. The main reason is that there are more investment and construction management experience, and lower operation cost for the enterprise. However, econo- my is not the only standard for choosing the right mode. The modes are different when the policy, environment, technology are changed in different period.