行星变速器边带频的特征与形成机理的分析

An Analysis on the Features and Forming Mechanism of Sideband Frequencies in Automotive Planetary Transmission

为了揭示行星变速器边带频的形成机理,建立了行星轮系调制边带频的分析模型,分析了行星轮系基本参数(齿数、啮合相位、安装相位)和激励阶次对边带频特征的影响,得到根据这些参数预估行星轮系边带频特征的通用判定方法。以传动误差为激励,对5种典型的配齿方案进行了仿真,并在半消声室中测试了某自动变速器的声压级,应用阶次跟踪方法对理论分析和仿真结果进行了实验验证。结果表明:行星轮系的边带频不是随机现象,而是由多个行星轮间啮合相位差调制产生,且受激励阶次的影响。通过调整行星轮系基本参数,可改变边带频的特征,而有效降低边带频产生的啸叫噪声。

For revealing the forming mechanism of sideband frequencies in planetary transmission, a model for modulation sideband frequencies in planetary gear system is established to analyze the effects of the basic parameters （teeth number, meshing phase and installation phase） of planetary gear system and excitation orders on the features of sideband frequencies, and a generic decision method is deduced for estimating sideband frequency features based on these parameters. Using transmission error as excitation, a simulation on five typical gear matching schemes is conducted, and the sound pressure level of a vehicle automatic transmission is measured in a semi-anechoic chamber. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation are verified by test with order ratio tracking technique. The results show that the appearing of sideband frequencies in planetary gear set is not a random phenomenon, and is rather caused by the modulation of meshing phase difference between planetary gears, and is affected by excitation order. Adjusting the basic parameters of planetary gear train can change the features of sideband frequencies, and hence effectively reduce the gear whine noise they produced.