以“法”解《庄》:林云铭《庄子》散文评点的本质特征

Interpreting Zhuangzi with the Theory of “Method”:the Substantial Character of Lin Yunming’s Comment on Zhuangzi Prose

林云铭的《庄子因》是清代《庄子》散文评点的一部典范之作,在《庄子》散文研究史上占有重要的地位。他较成功地运用了文学批评界流行的"法"的观念来解读《庄子》,不仅总结出了《庄子》中的诸多修辞技艺,梳理出了《庄子》的复杂文脉,提出了《庄子》是"一部有首有尾、有端有序之文",而且发现了《庄子》"文中之理,理中之文"的文学特征。"以法解庄"背后渗透着林云铭悲天悯人的道家情怀,是士人心态的一个时代缩影。

Lin Yunming＇ s Zhuang Zi Yin is a model work of Zhuangzi Prose comments in the Qing Dynasty and has an impor- tant position in the history of the research on Zhuangzi Prose. he successfully used the popular ＂method＂ idea in literature critic circle to interpret Zhuangzi, not only summarized many of the rhetoric skills, sorted out the complex context of Zhuangzi and pointed out that Zhuangzi is ＂a structural text in order with head and tail＂, but also found literature characteristics with ＂the logic in the article and its inner principle＂. Interpreting Zhuangzi with the ＂theory of Method＂ with Lin Yunming＇ s pessimistic and compassionate feelings of Taoism, is the era epitome of mindset of a scholar-bureaucrat.