我国教育科研经费优化配置研究

A Study of the Optimal Allocation of China’s Educational Research Funds

经费支持是开展教育科研活动的基本保障。经过多年的探索,我国已形成了政府主导、社会支持的多渠道教育科研资助体系,完善了资助机构的基本业务费和资助个人的课题两套资助制度,融合了各种科研资源。我国教育科研经费配置体现出经费来源多元化和投入经费不断增长等特点。随着社会对教育科研创新能力和服务水平要求的不断提高,我国教育科研经费仍然存在着经费总体不足、多方重复投入、经费使用结构不合理、经费管理粗放等问题。为进一步优化教育科研经费配置,我国教育科研经费改革应从以下几方面进行:各科研机构合理分工,实行管评适度分离,明确劳务经费比例,注重成果质量导向,确保科研项目经费信息公开,建立科研经费管理诚信和奖惩机制,健全科研活动的制度体系。

The financial support is the basic guarantee for educational research activities. After years of exploration, China has developed into a multi-channel government-led system with the social-support education funding, improved two funding systems of the basic service fee in funding agencies and the funds for personal projects, and integrated the various scientific research resources. Allocation of China＇ s educational research funds embodys the characteristics of the diversified funding sources and the continuous increase in funds. With the increasing social demands for educational-research innovative ability and service level, there still exist such problems as the overall lack of funds, multiple duplication of investment, the unreasonable funds-utilizing system and the extensive management of funds in the funds of China＇ s educational research. In order to optimize further the allocation of educational research funds, China should reasonably carry out the division of work for various research institutions, implement the appropriate separation of management and evaluation, make clear the proportion of labor expenditure, pay attention to the orientation of fruits＇ quality, ensure the information disclosure of all research-project funds, establish the integrity and reward-punishment mechanism of research funds, improve the institutional system of research activities.