现代自然科学的哲学反思

Philosophical Reflections on Modern Natural Sciences

从相对论到规范场论,自然定律的普遍有效性体现在变换中的不变性(协变性)之中。量子革命颠覆了经典的物理实在论的核心理念,代之以"物理实在是依赖于场境的整体全息相关的存在物""非完全决定论""主客不能严格二分"等新实在观。而量子远程关联所表明的整体性、对流夸克实在性的追寻、超弦理论统率各种基本相互作用的能力,皆具有深刻的认识论与方法论意义。物理世界的基本结构及其相互作用的奥秘都深藏于客观世界本身所固有的数学和谐(尤其是基本对称性)的规律之中。计算机科学哲学的核心理念是目的论自然观与毕达哥拉斯主义自然观(即弱计算主义及程序自动化的理念)的整合。整个生物学哲学的奥秘就在于系统科学,系统科学是生物学理论背后的元理论。

This paper presents some of the author＇s unique views on philosophy of science. Natural law keeps inherent invariabil ity in transformation from theory of relativity to gauge field theory,and the nature behind relativity is objectivity. The dogmas like independent autonomy and observation irrelevance of the states of objects in classical physical ontology and the dogmas that the subject can be strictly separated from the object are impacted by quantum revolution. The secret of physical world consists in its intrinsic mathematical laws. The novel phenomena of quantum long-range correlation,quark and superstring have completely new philosophical implications. Systems science can be taken as the meta-theory of theories of biology in the sense that natural world of life is automatically adjustable and teleological. The core idea of philosophy of computer science lies in the integration of teleological view of nature and weak calculated doctrine.