刑法规范变更导致的法律溯及力问题——由“牛玉强案”引发的思考

On the Retroactive Effect Resulted from Provision Changes in Criminal Law——Reflections on the“Niu Yuqiang Case”

刑法规范的更迭涉及罪名的调整以及法律溯及力等问题,目前,我国《刑法》第12条采取的是溯及力分离主义原则,但从个案的处理结果来看,这种溯及力与既判力绝对分离的模式并不能够很好地解决历史遗留问题。因此,从罪刑法定原则出发,借鉴国外立法例,对《刑法》第12条第2款的内容进行修改,将溯及力规定有条件地适用于已经生效的判决,实现人权保障和刑罚惩罚的有机结合,才能够真正实现良法善治。

Changes of legal provisions in the criminal law involve issues like adjustment of charges, retroactive effect, etc. Separa- tion of retroactive effect is adopted in Article 12 of China＇s Criminal Law;however, this absolute separation of retroactive effect and res judicata can not work out well problems left over by history as shown in some individual cases. The paper proposes a- mending Article 12 of the Criminal Law to allow retroactivity conditionally apply to the effective judgments,which could help integrate human rights protection and penalty.