试论2012年高考英语试题语法和词汇知识填空题的设计缺陷

On the Design Flaws of Grammar and Vocabulary Multiple-choice Questions in 2012 NMET

近年来，全国各地高考英语试卷中语法和词汇知识填空题出现了较多的失误，对高考英语试题的整体质量产生了负面影响。本文以2012年全国各地高考英语试卷中的语法和词汇知识填空题为研究对象，从题干设计和选项设计两个角度分析了高考英语试题存在的语义、语境和用法科争}生方面的典型缺陷，并分析了产生此类问题的原因。文中提出了包括增强命题者的责任心、加强专业素养和健全质控体系在内的多项改进对策，对维护和确保高考英语试题的科学性、严肃性和权威性起到了一定的警示作用，对改进英语教学和命题研究也有一定的参考价值。

In the past few years, there have exited some design flaws of grammar and vocabulary multiple -choice questions in the National Matriculation English Test （NMET）, which has brought great impact on the quality of NMET. This paper carries out research into such design flaws from the perspectives of the stem and the options. It goes into details in analyzing them in the terms of the contexts, meanings and usages. After that, the authors give reasons for these design flaws and offer some suggestions for improvement, including strengthening the test writers＇ responsibility, building up the professionalism and developing the management system. The discussions and suggestions in the paper are likely to contribute to the English teaching in high schools as well as to the study of NMET in the future.