某县农村居民社会行为特质对血吸虫病传播的影响性分析

Influence of social behavior traits of rural residents on schistosomiasis transmission in One County

目的了解某县农村居民社会行为特质对血吸虫病传播的可能影响。方法按照分层随机抽样法抽取3个血吸虫病流行村,对居民做问卷调查和感染情况调查。数据使用SPSS 17.0统计软件分析。结果 2915份有效问卷调查显示:①农村居民文化程度以初中为主(55.13%);职业以农民为主(82.33%);农业(55.99%)为主要家庭经济来源,有33.99%调查对象的家庭以外出打工来增加经济收入;自述家庭经济年收入在5000元及以上者占35.16%。②水稻(62.31%)为主要经济作物,耕作方式依次为机耕(75.10%)、人耕(23.79%)、机耕并人耕(0.59%)、牛耕(0.52%);施肥方式依次为化肥(91.15%)、其他(5.09%)、化肥和新鲜粪便施肥并用(1.95%)、新鲜粪便施肥(1.81%);居民生活饮用水依次为自来水(97.87%)、沟塘水(1.78%)、井水(0.35%)。③所有调查对象的家庭均无三格式无害化厕所,99.76%拥有室内简易或冲水式厕所,16.26%建有沼气池。④血吸虫防治知识知晓率为95.09%。此外,本次居民血清学检测的参与度为99.86%,血检阳性者均进行粪检,粪检阳性率为0%。结论某县农村居民的职业、经济状况和生产生活方式是血吸虫病传播的潜在影响因素;外出务工人员对劳务输入地血吸虫病传染源输入具有潜在影响性;农村居民较高的血吸虫防治知识知晓率和血清学检测参与度有利于血吸虫病传播的控制。

Objective To understand the influence of social behavior traits of rural residents on schistosomiasis trans- mission in One County. Methods 6 schistosomiasis epidemic villages were selected using the stratified random sam- piing method, of which the residents received questionnaire survey and infection survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0. Results 2915 copies of valid questionnaire survey showed that： ①the main education level of rural resi- dents was junior high school （55.13%）; the main occupation was farmer （82.33%）; the main source of family income was agriculture （55.99%）; 33.99% of the surveyed families relied on out-migration Work to increase income; 35.16% reported family income over 5000 yuan. ②Rice （62.31%） was the main cash crops and the farming methods included mechanized farming （75.10%）, labor farming （23.79%）, mechanized farming combined with labor farming （0.59%） and cattle farming （0.52%）; fertilization methods included chemical fertilizer （91.15%）, other fertilizer （5.09%）, chemical fertilizer combined with fresh excrement （1.95%） and fresh excrement （1.81%）; residentsj drinking water included tap water （97.87%）, ditch pond water （1.78%） and well water （0.35%）. ③None of the respondents had three-part harmless toilet, 99.76% had simple indoor or flushing toilets, and 16.26% built biogas digesters. ④The knowledge rate of schis- tosomiasis control was 95.09%. Moreover, the participation rate of serological detection was 99.86%, and all those res idents with positive results received feces detection, and the feces detection positive rate was 0%. Conclusion Occupa- tion, economic status and the production and life style are the potential influencing factors of schistosomiasis transmis- sion for the rural residents in One County. Migrant workers have potential influence on the input of schistosomiasis in- fection source in the labour service input area. High knowledge rate of schistosomiasis control and high participation rate of serological detection are conducive to the control of schistosomiasis transmission.