功能性构音障碍患儿的气质特点与言语康复心理护理分析

Study of temperament features of the children with functional articulation disorders and the psychological nursing in speech rehabilitation

目的研究功能性构音障碍儿童的气质特点及心理护理方法。方法选择广东省深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院符合功能性构音障碍诊断标准的66例儿童,使用3～7岁儿童气质量表进行气质评估。结果气质类型分布显示患儿中平易型占50.0%,麻烦型占12.1%,发动缓慢型占7.6%,中间偏麻烦型占21.2%,中间偏平易型占9.1%。在节律性、适应性、反应强度、心境、持久性、注意分散和反应阈7个维度上,功能性构音障碍儿童与全国常模比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论功能性构音障碍儿童气质维度偏消极,应针对儿童不同气质特点在言语康复中进行个体化的心理护理。

Objective To investigate the temperament features of children with functional articulation disorders （FAD） and to explore the methods of psychological nursing. Methods 66 children with FAD in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Bao＇an District in Shenzhen City were selected and measured the children temperament by Chinese Preschool Temperament Questionnaire. Results The temperament types of children with FAD were as follows： easy ac- counted for 50.0%, difficult accounted for 12.1%, slow-to-warm up accounted for 7.6%, inter-high accounted for 21.2%, inter-low accounted for 9.1%. There were significant differences between the study group and Chinese tem- perament norm in seven dimentions such as rhythmicity, adaptability, intens, mood, persistant, distract and threshold. Conclusion The temperament features of children with FAD are more negative than the norm, which should be consid- ered in the speech rehabilitation and psychological nursing individually.