影响早产儿体重增长的相关因素调查

Survey of influencing factors of premature weight gain

目的分析早产儿体重增长的相关因素,为促进早产儿体重增加,减少并发症提供理论依据。方法选择早产儿78例为调查对象。回顾性分析入选对象的临床资料。所有患儿均有完整的病历资料,每天测体重,根据进入量及静脉营养计算当日摄入的能量,根据体重增长情况良好或不良分为体重增长良好组和体重增长不良组。统计两组的一般资料,包括胎龄、出生体重等及出生情况、合并症情况,分析这些因素与体重增长之间的关系。结果良好组患儿每天摄入的能量均显著高于不良组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在第1周两组患儿的体重均有下降,但良好组下降的幅度小于不良组,随后两组患儿的体重均开始上升,良好组上升的幅度显著高于对照组。影响体重增长因素的单因素分析结果显示两组胎龄、合并肺炎、败血症、呼吸机辅助呼吸、颅内出血、开奶时间<24 h比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素回归分析显示胎龄、开奶<24 h、败血症、肺炎、呼吸机辅助呼吸是影响早产儿体重增长的相关因素。结论影响早产儿体重增加的因素较多,了解这些因素,通过及时干预和治疗,可促进体重增加,改善早产儿的预后。

Objective To analyze influencing factors of premature weight gain, to provide theoretical basis for promot- ing weight gain and reducing complications. Methods A total of 78 cases of premature were selected. Clinical data of selected objects were retrospectively analyzed. Results Good group every day＇s energy intake were more than poor group （P 〈0.05）. In the first week, weight of both groups decreased, but good group decreased less than poor group. Then, both groups increased, and good group increased more than poor group. Gestational age, complicated by pneu- monia, ichorrhemia, breathing machine auxiliary breathing, intracranial hemorrhage, open milk time were influencing factors of premature weight gain by single factor analysis. Gestational age, open milk time, ichorrhemia, pneumonia, breathing machine auxiliary breathing were influencing factors by multiple-factor analysis. Conclusion Influencing factors of premature weight gain are many, and grasp these factors, through timely intervention and treatment, promoting weight gain, improving the prognosis of premature.