重型颅脑损伤早期气管切开的临床意义与护理

Clinical significance of early tracheotomy and nursing care of severe craniocerebral injury

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤患者早期气管切开的临床意义与护理。方法回顾性分析我院收治的120例重型颅脑损伤患者的病历资料,依据受伤到气管切开的时间分为两组:A组74例12 h内行气管切开术,B组48例12 h后行气管切开术,对比两组患者伤后恢复情况及预后。结果在昏迷时间、伤后3 d内间歇性低氧血症(SpO2<90%)发生率、肺部感染发生和预后方面,A组比B组有优势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在重型颅脑损伤治疗中,早期气管切开和实施细致的综合护理,可明显降低患者的死亡率,促进重型颅脑损伤患者的康复,改善患者的预后。

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of injury patients and nursing care of early tracheotomy in severe craniocerebral. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 120 patients with severe eraniocerebral in- jury were treated in our hospital, on the basis of injury to patients with tracheotomy were divided into 2 groups： A group of 74 cases of 12 h underwent traeheotomy, 48 cases in group B for injury 12 h after traeheotomy, recovery and prognosis were compared between 2 groups after injury. Results Intermittent hypoxemia occurred in the time of coma, 3D after injury （ SPO2〈90% ）, the incidence of pulmonary infection, prognosis, A group than in the B group has the superiority, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion In the treatment of severe head in- jury, early comprehensive nursing of tracheotomy and meticulous, can significantly reduce the mortality of patients with severe craniocerebral iniury, and promote the rehabilitation, improve the Droanosis of the Datients.