从国际收支角度看汇兑及资本管制对贸易变动的影响

Viewing the Effects of Foreign Exchange and Capital Control on Changes of Trade in the Perspective of Balance of Payments

汇兑和资本管制措施与对外贸易之间的互动机制可能会比实施管制政策的政府想象的要复杂得多。无论在何种汇率制度下，放松汇兑和资本管制对于贸易发展都有一定的促进作用，但这种作用因管制对象和各国具体情况而有所差异，通常情况下，放松资本管制比取消贸易管制对于促进贸易发展的效应更为明显，在设计放松资本项目管制的方案时，应优先放松那些对贸易发展制约较为明显的管制手段。

the interaction mechanism between foreign exchange and capital control and foreign trade may be much more complicated than the government expects which imposes controls． Under whatever exchange rate systems relaxing foreign exchange and capital control is conducive to the development of foreign trade which however depends on the targets of control and varies from country to country． Generally the effect of relaxing capital control is more evident than that of lifting foreign exchange control on promoting foreign trade development． Therefore in designing the plan of relaxing capital account control relaxing the control measures which pose greater impediments to foreign trade development should be the priority．