桂蜜12号厚皮甜瓜砧木筛选试验

Screening of suitable rootstocks for thick-skinned melon variety Guimi 12

【目的】研究不同白籽南瓜砧木对桂蜜12号厚皮甜瓜抗病性、生长势、产量和果实品质的影响,筛选出桂蜜12号厚皮甜瓜的适宜嫁接砧木。【方法】以日本南瓜、扎合木、光典2号和雪中甲4种白籽南瓜为嫁接砧木,在砧木一叶一心、接穗子叶展平时采用斜顶插接法嫁接,坐果后测量植株节长、茎粗、叶片大小等生理指标,收获时测定果实单果重及可溶性固形物含量。【结果】各嫁接组合与对照,以及嫁接组合间对枯萎病的抗性无显著差异,其中以扎合木和雪中甲为砧木时嫁接苗未受枯萎病菌侵染;嫁接后显著降低了嫁接苗第1～10节的长度、第17叶叶长、平均单果重和果实中心可溶性固形物含量,但对茎粗的影响不显著。【结论】雪中甲较宜作为桂蜜12号厚皮甜瓜的嫁接砧木。

[Objective]The experiment was carried out to study the grafting effect of different pumpkin rootstocks on plant growth, resistance to Fusarium wilt, fruit weight and yield of Guimi 12 so that the most suitable rootstocks could be screened out. [ Method ]When rootstocks had one heart with one leaf and the cotyledon of scion began to unfold, cuttage grafting was applied to four rootstocks （ Japanese pumpkin, Zhahemu, Guangdian 2 ,Xuezhongjia）. Physiological indicators including internode length, stemdiameter, leaf length and width were measured after fruit setting. The average weight of sin- gle fruit, and soluble solid content in fruit were determined after harvesting. [Result]No significant difference of resistance to Fusaffum wih was observed in different grafting combinations and the control. Grated seedlings with Zhahemu and Xuezhongjia as rootstocks were not affected by Fusarium wilt virus. The 1-10 internode length, the leaf length of the 17th leaf, average fruit weight and the content of center soluble solid declined tremendously after grafting, while the stem diame- ter remained almost invariant. [Conclusion]Xuezhongjia turned out to be the most suitable grafting rootstock for Guimi 12.