“天圆地方”观与传统造物设计

“Hemispherical Dome Cosmology”and Traditional Chinese Design

考古成就表明",天圆地方"观萌生于新石器时代,并且古人是借助方、圆图式来表达这种观念的,尤其是在造物领域,此观念又衍生出"外圆内方"和"外方内圆"的两种结构形式,例如"玉琮""、汉规矩铜镜"就是这两种形式的典型代表。此外,"天圆地方"观也是早期"二元世界观"形成的内因,广东"客家围龙屋"便是这种观念的产物。因此,"天圆地方"观是中国传统造物设计的一种认知模式与价值模式,自古以来对造物活动具有广泛的影响力。

According to the archaeology, ＂Hemispherical Dome Cosmology＂ originates from the Neolithic Age. The shapes of square and round are used to express such idea, especially in the design area, including the structure forms of ＂Exterior Round with Interior Square＂ and ＂Exterior Square and Interior Round＂. ＂A long hollow piece of jade with rectangular sides＂ and the Han Dynasty bronze mirror are examples. Besides, ＂Hemispherical Dome Cosmology＂ is the internal cause of the former ＂dualistic world value＂, which influences the out-come of the Hakkas Lungwei housing. So, such concept is considered to be a cognitive pattern and value model of the traditional Chinese design, which has a wide influence on the design work from past till now.