公众共用物概念辨义--环境法语境下的构建

Defining Commons——On the Context of Environmental Law

公众共用物概念的权利指向、主体指向、客体指向和利益指向凸显了鲜明的环境法学科特点。在环境法学中有必要客观全面地界定公众共用物,并对其进行分类。公众共用物是指任何自然人或组织、团体可以自由、平等使用的物,可以从不同的角度将其分为自然共用物和人工共用物,有体共用物和无体共用物,生存共用物和发展共用物。

The right, subject, object and interest of commons all demonstrate distinctive characteristics of environmental law. There- fore, it is necessary to objectively define commons and classify it. Commons refers to the things that can be used freely and equally by any natural person, organization or group. It can be classified into different subcategories from different perspectives, natural commons and manmade commons, visible commons and invisible commons, commons for survival and commons for development.