神经内科重症患者肠内营养时机与并发症的分析及护理

Analysis of Enteral Nutrition Timing and Complications of Severe Patients in Neurology and Patient Care

目的探讨神经内科重症患者肠内营养时机与并发症的分析及护理对策。方法随机选取来我院ICU病房行肠内营养支持治疗的重症患者84例,并对其平均分为两组,即观察组和对照组(各42例)。观察组患者采用早期肠内营养治疗并给予相应的护理对策,对照组采用常规营养治疗法治疗,观察并记录两组患者的生化指标、住院时间及不良反应情况。结果经观察得知,观察组患者有效治疗37例,有效率为88%,对照组有效治疗26例,有效率为62%,观察组治疗效果明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义;观察组腹胀6例(14%),对照组腹胀18例(43%),差异显著,两组患者的饮食时间、排气、排便时间及呕吐、腹泻情况均无明显差异。生化指标血清白蛋白(ALB)、K+、Na+、Ca2+2两组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论临床对重症患者给予早期肠内营养同时配合相应的护理治疗,可降低并发症的发生概率,对促进患者术后肠胃功能恢复具有一定的临床价值。

Objeetive To probe into enteral nutrition timing and complications of severe patients in neurology and the nursing strategy. Method 84 severe patients who were administered by enteral nutrition support therapy in our ICU were selected randomly. And, they were （tivided into two groups, namely observation group and control group （n=42）.Earlyenteral nutrition treatment combined with the corresponding nursing strategy were made for patientsin observation group. And, the conventional nutrition treatment was made for patients in control group. The biochemical indicators, hospital stays and untoward effects of all patients in two groups were observed and recorded. Result It was found from the observation that, 37 patients in observation group were treated effectively, with 88% of effective rate. 26 patients in control group were treated effectively, with 62% of effective rate. The treatment effect of observation group was obviously higher than that of control group. And, the difference between two groups had the statistical meaning. There were 6 cases with abdominal distension （14%） in observation group, and 18 cases with abdominal distension （43%） in control group. The difference was significant. And, there were no obvious differences in feeding time, air-out and defecating time, sickness and diarrhoea between two groups of patients, There were no obvious differences in biochemical indicators, serum albumin （ALB） , K~＇ Na~ and Ca2＋2 between two groups （P〉 0.05） . Conclusion Early enteral nutrition treatment combined with the corresponding nursing strategy clinically administrated to severe patients can reduce the occurrence rate of the complications. ） Therefore, it has a certain clinical value for promoting the gastrointestinal function recovery of patients after the surgery.