基于地统计分析及GIS的河南省烤烟大田生长期太阳总辐射空间变异性研究

Spatial Variance Characteristics of Solar Radiation during Tobacco Growth in Henan Province

地统计学是研究具有结构和区域双重性质变量空间变异性的一种方法。本文根据《河南省1950年-2000年整编气象资料》提供的有关数据,计算出烟草各生长阶段的太阳总辐射量和光合有效辐射量,并采用地统计学与GIS相结合的方法,研究了大尺度下河南省烤烟种植区烟草各生长阶段的太阳总辐射的空间变异性和分布特征。统计分析表明,上述各变量在河南省境内均可以较好地拟合为正态分布,满足地统计学所要求的平稳假设条件。河南省境内太阳总辐射变异系数最大的是5月份,为9.93%,最小的是7月份,为3.87%。地统计学分析表明:河南省烟草大田生长期太阳总辐射可以拟合为高斯模型,自相关距离为1997100.00m,并且块金值为18.45%,具有很强的空间相关性。河南省烟草大田生长期太阳总辐射量在2170～2258MJ·m-2之间的区域占研究区总面积的23.20%,主要分布在南阳、信阳、洛阳、三门峡及平顶山地区;太阳总辐射量2258～2346MJ·m-2之间的区域占研究区总面积的33.07%,主要分布在驻马店、三门峡、洛阳、平顶山、南阳、信阳及漯河地区;太阳总辐射量2346～2436MJ·m-2之间的区域占研究区总面积的25.65%,主要分布在济源、郑州、漯河、周口、商丘、许昌、开封、安阳、新乡以及焦作等地;太阳总辐射量2346～2522MJ·m-2之间的区域占研究区总面积的16.65%,主要分布在焦作、鹤壁、安阳、新乡、开封、周口、商丘、许昌及濮阳等地。

Geostatistics is a branch of statistics focusing on spatial variance. Based on analyzing climatic database of Henan province during 1950 - 2000, the spatial variability and distribution characteristics of solar radiation during tobacco growth are studied by using geostatistical method combined with GIS. The statistical results indicated that solar radiation mentioned above were fitted with normal distribution well, satisfying the demanding of stationary hypothesis for geostatistics. The coefficients of variation of solar radiation in May, which is 9.93% , is the greatest among tobacco growth stages; while the coefficients of variation of solar radiation in July, which is 3.87%, is the smallest among tobacco growth stages. Analysis of the isotropic variogram indicated that total solar radiation during tobacco growth was well described with gaussian model, with the distance of spatial dependence being 1997100. 00m. And it was strongly spatially dependence with C0/sill being 18.45%. The Kriging method and GIS technique were applied to calculate the unobserved points and were used to generate the contour map. The area with total solar radiation during tobacco growth semivariogram in the range of 2170 -2258MJ. m-2 were found in Nanyang City, Xinyang City, Luoyang City, Sanmenxiao City, and Pingdingshan City, accounting for 23.20% of the whole area. The area with total solar radiation during tobacco growth semivariogram in the range of 2258 -2346MJ. m-2were found in Zhumadian city, Sanmenxiao City,Luoyang City, Pingdingshan City, Nanyang City, Xinyang City and Luoyang City, accounting for 33.07% of the whole area. The area with total solar radiation during tobacco growth semivariogram in the range of 2346 - 2522MJ.m-2 were found in Jiaozuo City, Hebi City, Zhoukou City, Shangqiu City, Xuchang City, Kaifeng City, Anyang City, Xinxiang City, and Puyang City, accounting for 16.65% of the whole area.