环境修复中锰氧化物与变价重金属交互作用的研究进展

Interaction of manganese oxides with multiple valences heavy metals in environmental remediation

氧化-还原过程是影响重金属环境行为的重要过程.锰氧化物作为重要的天然氧化剂,通过对变价重金属的氧化还原和吸附作用,影响着其在环境中的形态、生物有效性乃至归趋,具有很高的环境修复潜力和应用价值.近年来对锰氧化物和变价重金属元素的研究主要集中在以下几个方面:生物氧化锰的形成与多铜氧化酶体系的关系;锰氧化物与变价重金属的交互作用的机制及其影响因素,尤其锰氧化物的空间结构和作用位点的影响.目前,锰氧化物在环境修复中的应用主要集中在水环境修复方面,土壤体系及土壤微界面还很鲜见.同时土壤体系中影响锰氧化物与重金属交互作用的因素更多,其过程也更为复杂.本文通过总结锰氧化物与变价重金属交互作用的研究进展,对比不同重金属种类之间反应机制的差别,为更好的理解锰氧化物的环境作用提供基础,也期望能够进一步拓展其在污染环境的修复中的应用范围.

Redox reaction plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycles of heavy metals.Manganese oxides,as an important natural oxidant,affect the speciation and bioavailability of the multiple valences heavy metals by redox reactions and adsorption,thus are provided with a high potential for environmental remediation.This study is mainly focused on the interaction of manganese oxides with multiple valences heavy metals,including the relationship between biogenic manganese oxide formation and multi-copper oxidase and the influences from the spatial structures of manganese oxides and their active sites.Currently,the application of manganese oxides in the environment is mainly in the remediation of aquatic environment,while the application in the soil system remains rare.However,since the complicated characteristics of soil system,more factors should exist in affecting the interaction of manganese oxides with heavy metals.In this review,we summarize the research progresses of the interaction mechanisms of manganese oxides with multiple valences heavy metals and compare their differences,and then provide a basis for a better understanding of environmental behaviors of the manganese oxides and further promotion of their application in environment remediation.