农村劳动力转移与土地流转统筹发展分析

Analysis of the Overall Development between Labor Migration and Land Transferring

文章利用全国13个产粮大省面板数据估算发现,各省劳均土地面积均未达到适度规模经营下最优的土地面积,这表明农村劳动力转移和土地流转均具有潜在的发展空间。通过规范分析二者影响因素,并实证检验发现,农村劳动力转移与土地流转存在不一致及动力不足;现有家庭承包土地经营模式是导致二者不一致的关键因素;提高家庭非农收入比重有利于二者统筹发展;提高地租和摒弃城乡二元制度能提高土地流转主动性:城乡收入差距和城乡生活成本差异分别对劳动力转移造成拉力和推力;城乡二元制度不约束劳动力转移就业,但制约其真正市民化。

Base on the estimation from China's 13 major grain-producing provinces' panel data,this paper finds that the per labor land area in each province has not reached the moderate scale of its operating land,which indicates that the rural labor migration and land transferring have potential room for development.Through norm analysis and empirical validating of effects factors,this study finds that rural labor migration and land transferring are inconsistent and lack of momentum mainly due to the existing family contracted land management mode.Also,raising the proportion of non-farm household income is facilitative to the coordinated development between the two.Abandon of the urban-rural dual system and increase in the rent of operating land provide initiative in land transferring.The income gap and the living cost difference between urban and rural cause pulling and repulsion over labor mobility.The dual system is as a fence allowing the labor mobility but hedging rural labor's citizenship.Based on the requirements of urban and rural development,the study proposes a conversion strategy of preferable labor behavior classification to promote labor migration and land transferring.