中央农业实验所与中国近代农学研究体制化

Central Research Institute of Agriculture and Institutionalization of Recent Chinese Agriculture Science

成立于1932年1月的中央农业实验所,隶属于当时国民政府实业部,为国家级农业科学研究机构及主管全国农业技术改进的农业最高机关,它的出现,标志着中国近代农学研究开始走上体制化的发展道路。中央农业实验所与国家权力之间保持彼此依赖和同构互融的关系,这反映了中国近代农学研究体制官办集中的色彩,与此同时,中央农业实验所又具有一定的独立性与自主性,国家对其研究给予了较多的尊重。中央农业实验所致力于农业科学研究活动和交流,在中国近代实验农学发展方面表现卓越,同时它还指导、联络全国农业科研组织,协助筹设各省农业改进机关和农事实验场。上述工作,有力地推动了近代中国农业科学研究的体制化发展。

Central Research Institute of Agriculture, set up in January 1932 and affiliated with the Ministry of Industry of the National Government, was a national research organization of agriculture science as well as the highest organ in charge of agricultural technological improvement throughout China. Since its establishment, recent Chinese agriculture research has stepped on the developmental road of institutionalization. The Institute kept an inter-dependent, isomorphic and intermingled relation with the state power, which reflected the government-owned color of modern Chinese agricultural research institutes, but meanwhile, it also had certain independence and autonomy, as its researches were respected by the state. It devoted itself to agricultural scientific research activities and exchanges and achieved pre-eminence in recent Chinese experimental agronomy, moreover, it also gave guidance to and liaised with agricultural scientific research organizations nationwide, and assisted each province in establishing agricultural improvement organs and experimental farms, all of which have effectively driven the institutionalization of recent Chinese agriculture scientific research.