汉语言中的身体观:躯体性思维的语言渗透

Body-view in Chinese Language: Language Permeation of Somatic Thinking

中国人疾病表达的"躯体化"倾向是心理学和精神医学领域的一大问题,而这种思维倾向的根源很大程度上在于传统身体观。它可以通过汉语言使用渗透进入中国人的日常生活。汉语言中的身体隐喻具有其独特性,反映出中国传统身体观与西方身体观的差异。汉语中的"身"从来不是西方的身体。中国传统观念中的"身"具有本体性地位。而这种身体观正是中国心理疾病实践中凸显"躯体化"现象的一个原因。

The somatic tendency of Chinese illness expression has long been an issue in psychology and psychiatry. To a great extent, that tendency roots in traditional body-view and permeates into Chinese daily lives through Chinese language use. The body- related metaphors in Chinese language have some unique features, showing differences between traditional Chinese body-view and that of the West. The Chinese character ' 身 ' never equals body (soma) in Western languages; it has ontological position in traditional Chinese ideas. And that is one reason for somatization to be highlighted in the Chinese mental illness practice.