技术史视野中的马克思思想基础解析

Probing the Foundation of Marx's Thoughts from the Perspective of the History of Technology

历史的观点是马克思的基本观点,历史分析法是马克思研究问题的基本方法。由于技术在社会生产与生活中的基础地位,马克思一直重视对技术史的追溯与梳理,自觉地探讨技术哲学问题。在大量研读技术史著作和学习工艺学知识的基础上,马克思提出了有关技术起源与本质的器官延长说,详细考察了生产工具的演变历程等,取得了一系列技术史研究成果,成为马克思理论体系不可或缺的支援背景。

Historical view is Karl Marx＇s basic view, and historical analysis his basic method to study a given problem. Because of technology＇s fundamental importance in social production and life,Marx tried especially hard to track down and scrutinize the history of technology, consciously exploring the issues of technological philosophy. Based on an extensive reading of books on the history of technology and his newly-acquired technological knowledge, Marx advanced the theory of organ extension in relation to the origin and nature of technology, investigated the evolution of production tools in detail,and achieved a series of research results in that field. Those results,in turn, helped to support the establishment of Marx＇s theoretical system.