关于中国特色社会主义与科学社会主义关系问题的再认识

Rethinking the Relationship between Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Scientific Socialism

1917年以来,如何在经济文化比较落后的国家建设社会主义,成为百年来科学社会主义需要研究解决的一个重大问题。这是一个漫长而艰巨的历史过程。经济文化比较落后的国家建立的社会主义,具有明显的传统社会特征,可以称之为传统社会主义。传统社会主义与马克思恩格斯所构想的经典社会主义在发展程度上是有重大区别的。经济文化比较落后国家所建立的社会主义主要有两种典型形态,即苏联式的社会主义和中国式的社会主义。近百年来,世界社会主义历史上出现了由以苏联模式社会主义为代表的传统社会主义向以中国特色社会主义为代表的当代社会主义的转变,世界社会主义由此进入了一个新的发展阶段。从世界社会主义发展的历史趋势来考察,中国特色社会主义是科学社会主义的当代社会制度形态的代表,是科学社会主义在中国的最新发展。

Since 1917,the major problem of how to build socialism in an economically and cul- turally backward country has remained to be solved in the field of scientific socialism. This is a long, arduous historical process. The kind of socialism founded in such countries, branded with the salient features of traditional society,can be called traditional socialism. There is a marked differ- ence,in terms of their respective degrees of development, between traditional socialism and the classical socialism foreseen by Marx and Engels during their lifetimes. There are two principal modes of socialism to economically and culturally backward countries： Soviet Union mode of so- cialism and the Chinese mode of socialism. Over the last hundred years or so, socialism throughout the world has been transformed,from traditional socialism mode towards contemporary socialism mode. Thus, world socialism has entered a new phase of development. Judging from the historical trend of development of world socialism, socialism with Chinese characteristics embodies the high- est order of the contemporary social institutional pattern of scientific socialism;it is the latest de- velopment of scientific socialism in China.