平菇及其培养料中5种拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留消解动态

Degradation Kinetics of 5 Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues in Pleurotus ostreatus and Growing Medium

在确证平菇培养料中联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯5种拟除虫菊酯类农药多残留分析方法的基础上,研究供试拟除虫菊酯类农药在平菇和培养料中的消解动态规律。结果表明:5种供试拟除虫菊酯类农药在平菇和培养料中的消解半衰期分别为3.01～5.06、25.48～54.59d。平菇培养料的灭菌会显著减少其中拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留量,降解率达18.80%～61.16%。平菇在含有联苯菊酯等5种拟除虫菊酯类农药的培养料中栽培42、62、83、103d后,培养料中供试农药残留量仍较高,分别为1.29～7.40、1.55～6.81、0.32～1.78、0.14～1.76mg/kg,同步采集的平菇子实体中均未检测到供试农药的残留量。因此,平菇培养料中供试拟除虫菊酯类农药残留不会向平菇子实体转移,对食用菌产品质量安全的影响较小。

The degradation kinetics of 5 pyrethroid pesticides in Pleurotus ostreatus and growing medium was studied by using the validated analytical methods. The results indicated that the half-lives of five pyrethroids in Pleurotus ostreatus and growing medium were 3.01--5.06 d and 25.48--54.59 d, respectively. Sterilization remarkably reduced pyrethroid pesticide residues in the growing medium with degradation rate ranging from 18.80% to 61.16%. Pyrethroid pesticide residues in the growing medium remained high after the mushroom was cultivated for 42, 62, 83 d and 103 d, which were 1.29--7.40, 1.55--6.8, 0.32--1.78 mg/kg and 0.14--1.76 mg/kg, respectively. In contrast, no pyrethroid pesticide residues were detected in Pleurotus ostreatus harvested at the same time points. Consequently, our findings suggest that potential pyrethroid pesticide residues cannot be transferred to Pleurotus ostreatus fruitbodies, and thus have little impact on the quality and safety of the edible fungus.