泉水鱼肌肉营养成分分析及营养学评价

Analysis of Nutrient Components in Muscle of Semilabeo prochilus and Its Nutritive Quality

对泉水鱼的含肉率、肌肉营养成分进行测定分析,并对其营养价值进行评价。结果表明:泉水鱼的含肉率为(70.90±3.20)%,肌肉(鲜样)中水分含量(75.62±1.17)%、粗蛋白(20.04±0.78)%、粗脂肪(3.67±0.08)%、灰分(1.34±0.13)%。肌肉中含有18种氨基酸,总量为(79.83±0.59)%(干样),其中含量最高的为谷氨酸(13.10±0.11)%,含量最低的为色氨酸(0.58±0.05)%,8种人体必需氨基酸总量为(33.95±0.15)%,占氨基酸总量的42.53%,其构成比例符合FAO/WHO标准。泉水鱼肌肉中第一限制氨基酸为色氨酸,第二限制氨基酸为缬氨酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为62.08,5种鲜味氨基酸(DAA)总含量(35.69±0.24)%(干样)。脂肪酸中单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)在总脂肪酸中含量分别为(45.33±0.08)%、(26.04±0.19)%、(4.75±0.04)%、(7.35±0.03)%,以上结果表明泉水鱼是一种营养价值较高的优质鱼类。

Nutrient components in muscle of Semilabeo prochilus were analyzed and the nutritive quality of the meat were evaluated in this study. The results showed that the ratio of flesh to body mass was （70.90 ± 3.20）%. Semilabeo prochiIus muscle contained （75.62 ± 1.17）% moisture, （20.04 ± 0.78）% crude protein, （3.67 ± 0.08）% crude fat and （1.34 ±0.13）% ash. A total of 18 amino acids were detected in muscle proteins, including the 8 essential amino acids. In dry sample, the total content of amino acids was （79.83±0.59）%. The content of essential amino acids was （33.95 ± 0.15）%. Five delicious amino acids accounted for （35.69 ± 0.24）% of the total amino acids. Glu was the most abundant and Tyr was the least abundant amino acid in Semilabeo prochilus muscle. The percentage of essential amino acids in total amino acids （EAA/ TAA） was 42.53%. The constitutional ratio of essential amino acids met the FAOAVHO standard. Amino acid score （AAS） and chemical score （CS） analyses showed that the primary and secondary limited amino acid in Semilabeo prochilus muscle were Try and Val, respectively. The essential amino acid index （EAAI） was 62.08. The contents of monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）, polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA）, eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid （DHA） were （45.33 ± 0.08）%, （26.04 ± 0.19）%, （4.75 ± 0.04）% and （7.35 ± 0.03）%, respectively. These results indicated that Semilabeo prochilus was a fresh water fish with high nutritive value.