采后壳聚糖处理对果实-病原菌互作中形态结构的影响

Influence of Postharvest Chitosan Treatment on the Morphosis in Fruit-pathogen Interaction

壳聚糖是天然多糖中唯一的碱性多糖,具有许多特殊的理化性质和生理功能,在果蔬采后保鲜中有广阔的应用前景。壳聚糖在控制采后果蔬病害中发挥作用,是壳聚糖-果实-病原菌三方交互作用的结果,壳聚糖在形态结构、生理、生化各个水平上,对果实-病原菌互作产生影响。形态结构的变化最能直观地反映三者的相互作用,形态结构水平的研究为生理生化水平的研究奠定基础,因此本文从形态结构的角度,综述采后壳聚糖处理对病原菌侵入果实组织后形态变化的影响,以及对受侵染果实的果皮细胞结构、物质成分变化的影响,探讨壳聚糖和采后果实、病原菌的互作关系,为进一步揭示壳聚糖的作用机理,及壳聚糖在采后果蔬病害控制上的进一步研究和应用提供理论依据。

Chitosan, the only natural basic polysaccharide, is widely applied in postharvest preservation of fruit due to many special properties and physiological functions. Chitosan has been used in the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables, for the interaction of chitosan, fruit and pathogens. Chitosan affects the interactions of fruit-pathogen at the level of morphology, physiology and biochemistry. Morphological changes in the structure can directly reflect the interactions among chitosan, fruit and pathogens, which will be helpful for the physiological and biochemical study. This paper reviews the effects of chitosan treatment on morphology changes of fruit tissue invaded by pathogens and on the fruit peel structure and material composition change so as to reveal the mechanism of chitosan treatment in postharvest disease control and provide a theoretical basis to further research and application.