商代中原地区奠基遗存初探

Preliminary Study on Ritual Activities in House-making Process of Shang Dynasty at Central Plains

对诸神的崇拜与祭祀是商代政治与社会生活中的全民行为,与商代的其他祭祀相比,学术界对奠基的关注相对较少。本文以中原地区为例,对商代城墙和居址中与奠基相关的考古材料进行了全面梳理,结合历史文献和出土文字材料,证明"奠基"在商代存在无疑,但与商代其他祭祀有所不同,主要体现在祭祀牺牲的使用上。商人举行奠基的原因主要有两个:一是商人希望建筑在建造时能够稳定的精神诉求,二是举行奠基让商人获得精神上团结的政治意义。

In contrast to other ritual activities of Shang Dynasty, little research has been done on the ritual activities in house-nmking process, leaving a multitude of unresolved problems for us. This thesis makes a thorough analysis of archaeological discoveries excavated in the Central Plains. Then based on inscriptions on oracle bones and historical documents, the ritual activities in house-making process are belonged to sacrifice rite with a unique usage of sacrificial offerings. There may be two reasons for Shang people holding these ritual activities. One is to hope for constructing their buildings successfully, the other is its behind political significance.