广州市16岁及以上人群精神心理问题就诊途径的流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of treatment pathways of urban and rural residents with abnormal psychological behaviors in Guangzhou

目的:了解广州市16岁及以上人群选择精神卫生就诊途径的特点。方法 :采用分层、整群、随机抽样方法及CIDI 3.0中文版问卷,对广州市16岁及以上城乡户籍居民进行面对面访谈。结果:因精神心理问题寻求卫生服务者69例,求助率为2.55%,其就诊途径及构成比如下:网络资源(27例,39.13%)、心理资源(16例,23.19%)、自助团体(9例,13.04%)、综合医院(7例,10.14%)、精神病院(6例,8.70%)、热线服务(4例,5.80%)。女性、城市人群利用心理资源、综合医院服务率高于男性及农村人群(0.7%vs 0.3%及0.43%vs 0.08%;0.58%vs 0.37%及0.32%vs 0.12%);女性精神病院及男性网络资源、热线服务利用率高于异性(0.28%vs 0.08%;1.15%vs 0.85%及0.23%vs 0.07%);城市人群自助团体服务利用率高于农村(0.42%vs0.12%),以上组间差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。失业、贫困、文化程度低、婚姻状况差者较少寻求精神心理卫生服务。结论:广州市社区人群因精神心理问题使用医疗服务率较低,该群体健康问题值得关注。

Objective To study the treatment pathways of the population （t〉 16 years old） with abnormal psychological behaviors in Guangzhou. Methods Face-to-face interviews with urban and rural residents were performed using the questionnaires of stratified cluster random sampling and the CID1 version 3.0. Results 69 cases （2.55%） with psychological problems chose health services. Their treatment pathways and the constituent ratios were as follows： internet resource （27 cases, 39.13%）, psychological counseling or psychological treatment （16 cases, 23.19%）, self-help group （9 cases, 13.04%）, general hospital （7 cases, 10.14%）, mental hospital （6 cases, 8.7%）, hotline service （4 cases, 5.8%）. The rates of seeking service through psychological counseling, psychological treatment and general hospital in female and city population were higher than that in male and country （0.7% vs 0.3%, 0.43% vs 0.08%, 0.58% vs 0.37%, 0.32% vs 0.12%）. The rates of mental hospital sought for female or internet resource and hot line for male or self-help in city were also significantly higher （0.28% vs 0.08%, 1.15% vs 0.85%, 0.23% vs 0.07%, 0.42% vs 0.12%） than that of heterosexual population （P 〈 0.05）. Less of the populalions with unemployment, economic difficulty, low level of eduealion, poor marital status sought psychological health service （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The rate of community population with psychological problem seeking health service is very low. More attentions should be given to the population with psychological problem.