孟子新识:战斗的儒学

A New Perception of Mencius Philosophy:the Militant Confucianism

孟子面临社会、人性和儒学都处于严重危机的时代,诸子学说争鸣不息,暴戾之气横行天下,正道隐匿不彰。孟子迫不得已而高举起复兴儒学的战旗,拒杨朱、斥墨翟,批驳张仪、公孙衍之流,在不断论战中建立起一种富有斗争精神的新儒学。孟子的战斗儒学以"仁者无敌"为思想核心与最高境界,通过修习知言、养气、具情性、正心这四个层次的功夫,历经相应的四种无敌举措而达于至仁之境。孟子正是藉此冲出了战国乱世的思想迷雾,一扫杨墨之流的精神偏执,进而廓清了动乱时代的浊恶风气,在精神领域里重建并回归原始儒学仁义礼智之大道。

When Mencius lived in the era that the human nature and Confucianism were in a serious crisis, such as the philosophers made endless contends about their doctrines in the violent atmosphere without a right way, so Mencius had no choice but raised the battle flag to revive Confucianism by denouncing the doctrines of Yangzhu＇s, Mocius＇, Zhang Yi and Gongsun Yank, at last, he established a Neo - Confucianism with full of fighting spirit by the constant debates, which showed ＂The Benevolent Being Invincible＂ as its ideological core with the highest state by corresponding four invincible ini- tiatives such as ＂knowing the speech, raising qi, fulfilling humanity, and rectifying the conscience＂ up to the realm of the Most Gracious. By which, Mencius took out of the troubled times of the Warring States Period, swept away the paranoia spirit of Yang/Mo, clarified the turbid evil atmosphere in the era of chaos, reconstructed in the spiritual realm to return to the way of benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom in the ideological fields of the original Confucianism.