沼肥与化学肥料配施对寒地春玉米幼苗根系形态生理特征的影响

The Effects of Biogas Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Morphology and Physiological Characteristics of the Cold Spring Maize Seeding Roots

以郑单958为盆栽试验材料,设置7个不同比例施肥组合,研究沼肥(沼液、沼渣)与化学肥料配施对盆栽玉米幼苗根系性状,根系活力和地上部分的影响。结果表明,沼肥与化学肥料的配施与单施沼肥或单施化学肥料的方法相比,以A3处理(沼肥∶化学肥料=80%∶20%)配施效果显著,根系总长、表面积、直径、体积和总须根数分别比对照增加26.42%、11.97%、24.24%、24.30%和47.58%,在16d时根系活力达到最大,比对照(A7处理,沼肥∶化学肥料=0%∶0%)高57%。A2处理(沼肥∶化学肥料=60%∶40%)与A4处理(沼肥∶化学肥料=40%∶60%)在玉米幼苗根系活力、根粗、根表面积、叶绿素含量等参数上低于A3处理且差异不显著,但高于其他处理。A1处理(沼肥∶化学肥料=100%∶0%)与A6处理(沼肥∶化学肥料=0%∶100%)在根总长、根直径、根体积、根系活力、叶绿素荧光等参数上差异不显著且低于对照,7个处理相比趋势大体为A3>A2>A4>A5>A7>A1>A6。

In this study,Zhengdan 958 was chosen as the experimental materials to make seven groups base on dif- ferent proportions of the fertilization gradients to study the effect of the biogas manure （ slurry, residues） and chemi- cal fertilizers on the root traits,root activities. The results showed that comparing with the single usage of biogas ma- nure or chemical fertilizer, the effects of A3 treatment which was the combined application （biogas manure： chemi- cal fertilizer = 80% ： 20% ） was remarkable, the total volume,surface area,diameter and the number were 26.42% , 11.97% ,24.24% ,24.30% and 47.58% higher than the controls respectively, and the roots activities was 57% higher. The A2 treatment（ biogas manure： chemical fertilizer = 60% ： 40% ） and A4 treatment （ biogas manure： chemical fertilizer = 40% ： 60% ） were lower than A3 treatment on the root activities ,root diameter,root surface are- a,chlorophyll but higher than the other treatments;the A1 treatment（ biogas manure： chemical fertilizer = 100% ： 0% ） and A6 treatment （ biogas manure： chemical fertilizer = 0% ： 100% ） had little differences on the root length, root diameter,root volume,root activity,chlorophyll fluorescence but lower than A7 （biogas manure： chemical fertil- izer = 0% ： 0% ）. The comparing trend showed ： A3 〉 A2 〉 A4 〉 A5 〉 A7 〉 A1 〉 A6.