牛耳枫果实中抑菌活性成分的初步分离

Isolation of antifungal components from the fruit of Daphniphyllum calycinum Benth

为探索牛耳枫Daphniphyllum calycinum在农业病害防治方面的应用前景,采用柱层析和重结晶等分离技术,从牛耳枫果实甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到10个已知化合物,并以水稻纹枯病菌Rhizoctonia solani、番茄白绢病菌Sclerotium rolfsii和香蕉枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense 3种植物病原菌为指示菌种,对化合物的抑菌活性成分进行了测定。经核磁共振氢谱和碳谱解析,10个化合物分别鉴定为:对甲氧基苯甲酸(1)、对羟基苯甲醛(2)、5,7-二羟基色原酮(3)、对羟基苯甲酸(4)、反式对羟基肉桂酸(5)、5,7,4'-三羟基-3'-甲基黄酮(6)、山奈酚(7)、β-胡萝卜苷(8)、木犀草素(9)和3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(10)。菌丝生长速率法测定结果表明:在100 mg/L下,化合物3、6、7和10对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率分别为58.1%、74.3%、85.0%和79.5%;化合物6和7对番茄白绢病菌的抑制率分别为66.2%和72.5%;化合物6对香蕉枯萎病菌的抑制率为54.5%。化合物1～7和9～10为首次从该植物的果实中分离得到。

In order to explore the application prospects of Daphniphyllum calycinum in controlling agricultural disease, ten compounds were isolated from acetic ether-soluble fraction of D. calycinum by column chromatography and recrystallization, and three plant pathogens （Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense） were used to screen antifungal activity of the compounds. The structure of ten compounds were identified as p-methoxybenzoic acid （ 1 ） ,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde （ 2 ）, 5,7-dihydroxychromone （3） ,p-hydroxybenzoic acid （ 4 ）, trans-p-hydroxylcinnamic acid （ 5 ）, 5, 7,4＇-trihydroxy-3 ＇-methoxyflavone （ 6 ）, kaempferol （ 7 ）, β-daucosterol （ 8 ）, luteolin （ 9 ） and 3,4- dihydroxybenzoic acid （10） by NMR. The antifungal activities of nine compounds against the three plant pathogens were tested. At the concentration of 100 mg/L, compound 3,6,7 and 10 exhibited antifungal activity against R. solani, with inhibitory rates of 58. 1% ,74.3%, 85.0% and 79.5%, respectively;compound 6 and 7 showed potential antifungal activity against S. rolfsii, with inhibitory rates of 66. 2% and 72. 5%, respectively; compound 6 had weak antifungal activity against F. oxysporum,with inhibitory rate of 54.5%. Compound 1 -7,9 -l0 were obtained from the fruit of D. calycinum for the first time.