公共场所突发事件的应急管理研究

Emergency Management of Emergencies in Public Places

我国正处于经济和社会转型时期,国外不稳定因素、国内安全隐患及各种自然灾害,致使公共场所突发事件频发发生。国内外学者对公共场所突发事件的应急管理的研究多集中在应急体系和应急救援过程等方面,对于公共场所突发事件专业性机理和一般性机理的分析相对较少,缺乏体系性的应对机制。本文首先对公共场所的范围进行了界定,以肯德基的苏丹红事件为例,探讨公共场所突发事件的专业性机理,对公共场所突发事件的发生、发展、演化及终结等一般性机理进行了详细研究;最后,在机理分析的基础上,对公共场所突发事件应对机制进行分析和研究,具体包括事前的监控与预警机制、事中的处置与协调机制以及事后的恢复与评估机制。

In the period of economic and social transformation, many unstable elements and all kinds of natural disasters account for the highly frequent of public emergency. There are many researches on emergency system and emergency rescue in and outside China. However scholars pay little attention on professional and general mechanism of emergencies which are happened in public places. The lack of analysis on the coping mechanism is also obvious. First of all, this paper defines the concepts of public places. Then, taking the examples of KFC Sudan red event, the professional mechanism of public emergencies is explored. Next, it draws the general principles on occurrence, development and evolution and the end of public emergencies. Furthermore, the analysis and study of response mechanism on public emergency is of importance in this part. It includes monitoring and warning mechanism, disposal and coordination mechanism, and restoration and evaluation mechanism.