戈尔巴乔夫改革:社会政治经济后果与教训

Gorbachev’s Reform: Social, Political and Economic Consequences and Lessons

在勃列日涅夫执政后期直到戈尔巴乔夫继任苏共中央总书记的1985年,苏联经济尽管已经出现"停滞"状态,但并没有达到不可挽救的地步。但几年之间苏联经济不断下滑,最终走向崩溃。同时,社会精神面貌也发生严重扭曲,国家实力迅速下降,最终走向解体。仔细梳理戈尔巴乔夫的改革过程,可以更清晰地了解苏联解体的原因。

From the later period of Brethnev’s accession to power to 1985 when Gorbachev succeeded to the post of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, the Soviet Union’s economy, although presenting a stagnant state,did not reach the stage of irrecoverableness: Gorbachev’s promise to carry out reform and somedata of economic development can be used to testify it. However, the Soviet Union’s economy continued todecline for some years and moved to collapse at last. At the same time, the social psychology became seriously twisted and the national strengthde scended rapidly and went to collapse finally. Carefully examining the process of Gorbachev’s reform can help one to fully understand the causes of the Soviet Union breakup.