私法中身份的社会化变迁——兼论农民身份利益的实现

On the Social Transition of the Identity in the Private Law ——And on the Realization of Identity Interest of Farmers

私法中的身份是具有私法调整意义的主体在社会关系中所处的地位。身份在私法发展过程中逐步由等级维系之标尺转变为矫正正义的工具。现代私法中应有身份制度的存在空间,应坚持契约下的身份和身份上的契约的统一。现代私法中身份主体呈现多样性和开放性,个人、团体、群体与社会阶层等都可借助身份制度诉求其利益。身份制度也通过赋予个体身份权与阶层性身份利益的方式给予主体的全面发展需求以回应。我国是传统农业国,在大力推进城镇化过程中,农民始终是最值得关注的特殊身份阶层,保障实现其阶层身份利益是我国当代身份制度社会化的重要探索。

Identity in the private laws refers to the status of the object with the private adjustment significance in the social relations.Identity,in the process of the development of private law,gradually evolves from criteria to judge the hierarchy to a tool for justice.The identity in the modern private law should be consistent with that of the social contract.The identity objects are with diversified and open features in modern times.Individuals,communities,groups and social strata could protect their own interests based on their identity.Identity,in this way,embraces a full-fledged development.China is a traditional agricultural state and in the process of urbanization.So,the farmers are the special social class we should pay attention to,especially for the protection of their identity interests.