20世纪20—40年代中国“科学人文主义”史学思想述论

On Chinese Historiography Thought of Scientific Humanism in the 1920—1940s

受"科学主义"思潮的影响,20世纪中国史学走上了"科学化"的行程,但从20世纪20年代起,随着《学衡》派对白璧德人文主义思想的弘扬,以及40年代《思想与时代》杂志对新人文主义的传播,在中、西人文主义思潮的共同作用下,中国史学界力图矫正"科学化"之弊端,从"科学"与"人文"兼重的史学观,到逐渐萌生出"科学人文主义"史学思想,提倡义理与考据并重、科学"实证"与人文"虚会"方法结合、主体与客体交融互渗、知识追求与价值意义兼顾的治史新趋向,使中国史学走上沟通"科学"与"人文"的新史学之路。

Affected by scientism ideological trend,Chinese historiography in Twentieth Century embarked on a ＂scientific＂ travel.However,since 1920s,as the Xueheng School’s promoting Bobbitt’s humanism,and Thought and Times wild spreading new-humanism,the Chinese history research world tried to correct the Scientifics’ deviation under the common influence of Chinese-and-Western humanism thought trend.It gradually changed from giving consideration to science and humanity to scientific humanism,taking into account both thought and textual criticism,recommending the interaction of subject and object,advocating both intellectual pursuit and value significance,and formed a new study style.Therefore,Chinese historiography started on the new road connecting science and humanity.