基于资源依赖理论的独立学院专业结构调整——以A校为研究案例

On the Structural Adjustment of Undergraduate Programs in Independent Colleges

独立学院是自有资源非常有限、政府配置的纵向资源也极其稀缺的高等教育机构,因而需要更多地依赖横向资源和外部资源。在资源依赖理论视角下,我国大多数独立学院现有专业结构存在着4个方面的共性弊端:与主办高校专业高度重复,教学上过度依赖主办高校的专业资源;经济上过度依赖学生学费,低成本专业比例过大;专业存废易受生源市场和就业市场的直接影响,专业结构稳定性差;专业培养目标及其理想内涵与实际可用的专业资源不相吻合。要克服这些弊端,需要遵循全面市场化原则,与主办高校有限共生、错位发展原则,与社会资源联合、共建原则,专业整合原则,灵活对待专业目录原则,对各校的专业结构进行调整,并设计出各校具体的调整规划。

Independent colleges have extremely limited resources of their own and obtain a rare allocation from the government.Therefore,they need to acquire resources from other sources.From the perspective of resource-dependence theory,four common drawbacks can be found in the structure of undergraduate programs in independent colleges.In order to improve the situation,we have to implement structural adjustment abiding by five main principles.