稻纵卷叶螟飞行行为特征

The characteristics of flight in the rice leaf roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

本文在室内利用昆虫飞行磨系统和自主飞行监测系统研究了稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guen6e的被动飞行能力和主动飞行意愿。结果表明，羽化后1～4日龄的稻纵卷叶螟成虫均具有较强的飞行能力，但不同日龄成虫的飞行能力差异显著。其中1日龄雌蛾飞行距离、时间和速度均显著低于2日龄，以羽化后2日龄飞行能力最强，4日龄的飞行距离和时间均开始下降，但差异不显著。同时，无论是从飞行距离还是从飞行时间的角度，强、中、弱飞行个体的比例均随日龄而呈现明显变化，以2日龄强飞个体比率最高，1日龄的最低；但是雄成虫各日龄飞行能力之间无显著差异。不同时长吊飞结果表明雌蛾能进行一次性持续飞行的最大有效时长为12h，超出此范围雌蛾的飞行距离和时间均不再延长。稻纵卷叶螟的自主飞行活动频次在进入暗期后显著上升，并且整个飞行活跃期集中在暗期，白天几乎无飞行活动；此外，1日龄的自主飞行活跃度显著高于其余日龄，可能与稻纵卷叶螟此时期具有较强的飞行意愿有关。以上的研究结果丰富了稻纵卷叶螟的迁飞生物学理论，对改善与提高其预测预报技术和水平具有重要的理论和实际意义。

We examined the passive flight capacity and flight willingness of the rice leaf roller Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guen6e using a flight mill and a positive flight monitoring system. Our results indicate that the flight capacity of adult C. medinalis is strong but that there is obvious variation among moths on days 1 - 4 after emergence. Flight distance, duration and velocity of C. medinalis moths on day 1 were all clearly weaker than on day 2. On day 4 after emergence, flight distance and duration both decreased, but the difference was not significant. In male adults, however, there were no obvious differences in flight capacity over days 1 - 4. We hypothesize that the migratory flight of the moth for one night is less than 12 h because flight capacity of the 18 h tethered group was not significantly higher than that of the 12 h group. Positive flight monitoring revealed a diurnal flight rhythm and proved that adult rice leaf roller flight occurs during the hours of darkness. The strongest flight willingness of C. medinalis may be day 1 after emergence. These results expand our understanding of the migratory biology of C. medinalis, as well as providing practical information toward establishing effective population monitoring and forecasting systems for this species.