单克隆抗体靶向治疗卵巢癌研究进展

Monoclonal antibody-based targeted therapy for ovarian cancer

卵巢癌(ovarian cancer,OC)是妇科生殖器官恶性肿瘤之一,死亡率占妇科肿瘤首位,主要原因在于其缺乏有效的早期诊断治疗措施、对常规化疗药物的耐药性和腹膜外转移。随着卵巢癌相关抗原被陆续发现,其特异性单克隆抗体以及抗体-抗肿瘤药物偶联物已成为卵巢癌治疗的新手段。通过靶向肿瘤抗原(cancer antigen 125,CA125)、黏蛋白1(mucin 1,MUC1)、人类表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal factor receptor-2,HER2)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growthfactor,VEGF)和表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)等目标抗原,针对性地治疗卵巢癌,有些已经显示出一定的临床疗效,具有很好的应用前景。阿巴伏单抗、Oregovomab、人乳脂肪球1(human milk fat globule 1,HMFG1)和曲妥珠单抗等已进入Ⅲ期临床试验中。

Ovarian cancer, one of the lethal malignancies of the female reproductive system, has the highest rate of mortality among all gynecological malignancies, which can be attributed to the lack of effective means of early diagnosis and treatment, its resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics and its extraperitoneal metastasis. The identification of a series of ovarian cancer associated antigens has promoted the development of monoclonal antibodies and their conjugates and provided options for the treatment of ovarian cancer through such target antigens as CA125, MUC1, HER2, VEGF and EFGR. Some of them have exhibited clinical effects and application value. At present, abagovomab, oregovomab, human milk fat globule 1, trastuzumab, etc. are already on stage-ⅢI clinical trial.