论职业健康安全制度的路径选择——石油企业个案分析

Path Option on Occupational Health and Safety Regime——Case Study on the Petroleum Corporation

对建立职业健康及安全制度的制约因素进行探析,研究表明,利益博弈以及制度缺陷是建立职业健康及安全制度的最主要制约因素。对石油行业HSE管理体系从应然走向实然的路径选择提出具体建议:应在石油行业嵌入正式法律制度,将HSE管理体系与职业健康安全法律制度兼容并包地结合起来,并在建立职业健康及安全法律制度的过程中正确选择制度变迁的路径并不断调整路径方向,使之沿着不断增强和优化的轨迹演进,避免陷入制度锁定状态。

This paper reviews theories of occupational health and safety. Based on these theories, it reveals reasons for building up occupational health and safety. Secondly, it analyzes the restraints of the occupational health and safety in petroleum corporations. It is suggested that the ＂interest game＂ and lack of rules are the two fundamental reasons which lead to occupational accidents in petroleum corporations. Conclusions are drawn that occupational health and safety law is a necessary mechanism in the field of petroleum industry. Besides, it also shows that factors of the effective of legal regime are fundamental ： a legal regime should aim at coordinating the inherent HSE-MS and legal rules by carefully choosing transitional path.