昆明海口林区人工林生物多样性研究

Biodiversity of Man-Made Forest of Haikou Forest Zone in Kunming

采用样方法随机抽取典型样地对昆明海口林区人工林进行常规植被群落调查,结果表明:研究区人工林乔木树种中松科、柏科和桦木科优势明显,其重要值之和为59.89%;草本层物种最丰富,灌木层次之,分别有52个种和42个种。研究区草本层的Shannon-Weiner多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef丰富度指数总体比灌木层和乔木层大,层内物种多样性指数水平相对较高,分布相对均匀;研究区从草本层到灌木层再到乔木层,多样性指数总体呈下降趋势。调查样地不同林型之间物种多样性指数无显著差异,不同层次间差异显著,林区物种多样性指数偏低不能满足健康森林生态系统对于异质性的要求。

The paper made investigation on conventional vegetation community of man-made forest of Haikou forest zone in Kunming by using the method of random sampling.The outcomes show that a) the obvious dominant species of arbor trees of man-made forest in the studied area are Ipinaceae,Cupressaceae,Betulaceae and the sum of important value is 59.89%;b) the species of herb layer is the richest and next is shrubs,having 52 and 42 species respectively;c) the indexes of Shannon-Weiner diversity,Simpson dominance,Pielou evenness and Margalef richness of herb layer in the studied area are higher than that of shrubs and trees layer in general,and the level of species diversity within herb layer is relatively higher and the distribution is relatively even and;d) the overall diversity index is getting decrease from herb layer to shrub layer finally to tree layer in the studied area.The diversity index of species of different types of forests in the investigated sampling area is not different greatly,while the difference between different layers is great.The diversity index of species of the forest zone is lower which can not meet the requirements of heterogeneity of healthy forest ecosystem.