北京市某城区619名中学生同性恋认知态度调查

Investigation of cognition and attitudes to homosexuality among 619 high school students in one district of Beijing

目的为了解中学生对同性恋的认知和态度,在中学生中开展有针对性的相关健康教育,为制定性教育计划和艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,根据概率比例规模抽样原则,采用典型整群抽样方法对北京市中心某城区5所初中、7所普通高中、2所职业高中学校的22个班共619名中学生进行调查。结果 35.9%的中学生对同性恋定义、外表特征和行为特征均能正确认知,不同性别之间对同性恋的认知存在显著差异。49.1%的中学生可以接受身边有同性恋存在,42.2%的中学生认为应该保护同性恋的权益,不同学校类别、不同性别中学生对同性恋的态度存有显著差异。33.8%的学生表示身边有同性恋存在,其中有6.5%的学生表示这种现象会对自己产生影响。结论中学生对同性恋的认知程度不高,态度较为宽容,在目前中学校园存在同性恋现象的客观情况下,应加强中学生性知识健康教育,建议有关部门和学校要在中学生中有针对性的开展性教育,宣传同性恋相关知识,同时加强艾滋病防治知识的宣教,引导中学生树立健康的人生观、价值观和性爱观,促进中学生健康成长。

Objective To access cognition and attitudes to homosexuality and carry out target education to high school students, and to provide scientific evidence for formulating education plan and AIDS prevention strategies. Methods A self- designed questionnaire was employed in the study. Total 619 students came from 22 classes of five middle schools, seven high schools, and two vocational high schools, which located in a central district of Beijing, were selected and investigated through typical cluster sampling method. Results 35.9% middle school students knew very well about the definition, appearance and behavioral characteristics of homosexuality. There was significant difference in cognition to homosexuality between different genders. There were 49.1% students accepted homosexual behaviors and 42.2% students agreed their equal rights should also be advocated. There was significant difference in attitudes to homosexuality among different genders and different kinds of school students. 33.8% students admitted there were gays surrounding themselves, and 6.5% students said that this phenomenon impacted their own life. Conclusion Students＇ cognition to homosexuality was not high, but their attitudes were more tolerant. Sexual health education should be strengthened in the case of the existence of homosexuality in schools. Meanwhile, the target education, gay relevant knowledge and AIDS prevention information should also be provided for students.