产学研合作创新网络结构测度与分析

Measurement and Analysis of Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Network Structure

利用社会网络分析方法,选取兰州市主要产业领域70个代表性机构,构建合作创新网络,将结构等价性引入对主体间合作创新关系的测度,结合多维标度法将网络中的合作创新关系的总体模式转换为结构对等的位置系统,以对整体网络结构及特征进行描述与分析。研究结果表明,整体网络呈现出"去中心化"结构,不同体制性机构在空间感知图上表现出层次结构明显的分布状态;高校、研究机构的网络资源配置权力强,几所核心机构之间的感知距离较远,具有较高的异质性;行业协会和产业技术联盟成为组成局部合作创新网络的重要形式,其成员之间结构相似度高;高科技产业与传统产业对于合作创新的需要冷暖互见,合作网络已成为高新技术企业创新的重要场所。

Constructing the cooperation innovation network of 70 institutions in Lanzhou regional innovation system based on SNA, measuring the cooperative innovation relationship by structural equivalence, converting the overall pattern of cooperative innovation relationship to the structural equivalent position system combined with multidimensional scaling, this paper describes and explains the overall coopera- tion network structure and characteristics. The results of the study show that, the whole network belongs to the discrete network, presenting a ＂decentralized＂ network structure, different institutional mechanism in space perception map displays a obvious hierarchical distribution state; universities and research institutions play a powerful innovation radiation effect in network resource allocation, the perception dis- tance of several core institutes is distinct, the heterogeneity and irreplaceability is obvious; industrial associations and industrial technology alliances have become an important form for the composition of local cooperative innovation network, its members＇ stuctural equivalence is high. High-tech industries and traditional industries have different choices in the need of innovation resources, and the cooperation network has become an important place for innovation within high-tech enterprises.