短程硝化联合厌氧氨氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的启动

Start-up of short-term nitrification/ANAMMOX process for treatment of landfill leachate

针对晚期垃圾渗滤液脱氮难的问题,采用短程硝化SBR联合厌氧氨氧化SBR工艺处理晚期垃圾渗滤液。短程硝化SBR经过50 d驯化和培养,其最终出水亚硝态氮质量浓度维持在500 mg/L左右,短程硝化率稳定在98%以上。为了消除过高亚硝态氮对厌氧氨氧化菌的抑制,压氧氨氧化SBR由传统的操作模式改为反应期间连续进水间歇沉淀和出水,其水力停留时间控制在20 h。在配水驯化期,进水亚硝质量浓度由60 mg/L提升至395 mg/L,总氮容积去除速率由0.10 kg/(m3.d)提升至0.75 kg/(m3.d);驯化结束后,逐步掺入渗滤液,在实验的第156天,进水中的亚硝态氮全部由好氧SBR的出水提供。研究结果表明:渗滤液中难降解的COD未对厌氧氨氧化菌产生抑制作用,少量的反硝化作用反而提高了系统总氮的去除率,此时,系统的总氮容积去除速率为0.76 kg/(m3.d),进水COD、亚硝态氮和氨氮质量浓度分别为295,390,295 mg/L,出水CDO、亚硝态氮和氨氮质量浓度分别为246,1.3和0.6 mg/L;在不添加任何碳源的条件下,总氮去除率达90%以上。

Due to the difficulty of nitrogen removal in the mature landfill leachate, a combined process consisting of short-term nitrification sequencing batch reactor （SNSBR） and anaerobic ammonium oxidation sequencing batch reactor （ASBR） was developed to treat the advanced stage landfill leaehate. After the domestication and cultivation of 50 d, the concentration of NO2--N in the SNSBR effluent is maintained at about 500 rag/L, and the short-term nitrification rate can be maintained at above 98%. In order to eliminate the inhibition of the high concentration of NO2--N put on the anammox bacteria, the operation of ASBR was changed from the traditional type to the one of continuous influent during the reaction period and interval settle and effluent with the HRT being about 20 h. The experiment consisted of two stages, namely, the start-up and the domestication. During the start-up, as the concentration of NO2--N was increased from 60 mg/L to 395 mg/L, the ammonium and nitrite removal efficiency both reached over 98%, and total nitrogen volume removal rate was increased from 0.10 kg/（m3.d） to 0.75 kg/（m3-d）. After domestication, mix the leachate into the influent by increasing the rate of 20% every phase. On the day of 156, all of the NO2-N in the influent came from the effluent of the SNSBR. The results show that nonhiodegradable COD of the leachate cannot inhibit the anammox bacteria, however, a little denitrification increases the total nitrogen removal efficiency of the system. The total nitrogen volume removalrate is 0.76 kg/（m3·d）, and the concentration of COD, nitrite and ammonium in the influent and effluent is 295, 390, 295 and 246, 1.3, 0.6 mg/L, respectively. The nitrogen removal efficiency of the system can reach above 90% without any carbon source addition, which shows good performance of nitrogen removal efficiency.