结扎兔单侧椎动脉后颈部血管血流代偿性变化及临床意义

Compensatory changes and clinical significance of neck vessels blood flow in rabbits after unilateral ligation of vertebral artery

目的通过结扎兔左侧椎动脉(vertebral artery,VA),检测兔颈部血管代偿性血流变化以及脑组织病理改变,来验证VA与脑缺血的关联性。方法建立兔结扎左侧VA模型,利用彩色多普勒超声检测结扎左侧VA前后颈部血管的血流变化情况。利用组织病理学的方法观察脑部缺血、坏死情况。结果结扎左侧VA后右侧VA的vmax、vmin、平均流速(standard deviation,SD)和阻力指数(resistance index,RI)均高于术前;管径术后大于术前。左右颈总动脉vmax、SD、搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)高于术前,右侧RI高于术前。右侧颈内动脉vmax、vmin高于术前,左侧颈内动脉PI和RI高于术前。术后脑组织病理无缺血坏死表现。结论结扎兔一侧VA,颈部血管代偿性血流加速、管径变粗,脑组织无缺血坏死。对椎动脉型颈椎病和VA损伤的认识有指导意义。

Objective To observe the compensatory changes of rabbits’ neck vascular blood flow after ligation of rabbits’ left vertebral artery （VA）, in order to verify the relevance between the VA and cerebral ischemia. Methods A rabbit model of left VA ligation was made. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect changes in the neck vessels of the experimental group before and after VA ligation. Observe brain ischemia and necrosis after VA ligation through histopathology. Results The vmax,v min, standard aleviation（SD） and resistance index （RI） of VA on the right side were higher after the left VA ligation; vascular diameter（VD） became bigger after the operation. The vmax, SD and pulsatility index （PI） of the common carotid artery（CCA） became higher than pre operation. The RI of the CCA on the right side became higher than pre operation. Both the vmaxand the v min of the right internal carotid artery were higher than pre operation. Both the PI and RI of the left internal carotid artery were higher after the left VA ligation. Pathological showed no necrosis in brain tissues after surgery. Conclusion After ligation of the rabbits’ unilateral VA, the neck vessels compensatory blood flow will accelerate and the diameters will become bigger in order to prevent brain tissue from ischemic necrosis, which has guiding significance to the recognization of VA injury and cervical spondylosis of VA.